Fig. 3. Rock-climber's hardware, showing piton types in place.
shaped, D-type, with and without locking screw, have been developed in various steels and in aluminum. Those made for the army, the simple steel oval type with spring gate, will take a load in excess of 2,000 pounds. The aluminum alloy carabiners weigh only 2-2 1/2 ounces and
test from 3,000 to 4,000 pounds, more than adequate strength considering other links in the belaying chain. The gate should open freely, for the climber does not always have two hands to work with when snapping a carabiner into a piton, or the rope into the carabiner.