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Fractures.—Fractures of the extremities must be immobilized with splints. Traction splints are absolutely necessary for thigh fractures and are preferable for lower leg and ankle fractures. The Velpeau bandage (fig. 12) is considered preferable for upper arm and shoulder immobilization and padded board splints for forearm fractures. Such splints may be used for lower leg and arm fractures if it is more convenient to do so. It is better to use a good padded wooden splint than to use a poorly improvised traction splint. In using any splint— especially the traction type—care must be taken not to restrict the blood supply and thus increase the susceptibility of frostbite. When applying a traction splint, leave boot and sock on; loosen the laces and straps. If the socks are wet, however, a change to dry must be made first. The entire body of the patient—including his injured arm or leg—must be kept warm. For other details of splinting, see the Red Cross publications. |
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