There are infinite variations of the basic types here described. Every man may well indulge his ingenuity.
Open bivouac.—On calm nights or in areas protected from the wind when no storm is threatening, there is no necessity for the construction of any shelter. A fir-bough bed laid on the snow for insulation and to keep the bag dry (or ground sheet and a mattress as a substitute) is all that is necessary. The deep snow hole under a dense drooping fir is an excellent spot for a one- or two-man
bivouac. A low snow wall or a line of branches stuck in the snow will reduce snow drifting should a wind arise during the night.