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We must then consider the human body as a heat-producing machine and determine (1) what can be done to increase the amount of heat manufactured by the body, and (2) what can be done to conserve this heat. Production of body heat.—A normal male adult at rest, as in sleeping or loafing, liberates approximately 50 calories of heat per hour. This can be increased appreciably by eating or by exposure to cold. The only other means by which skiers may increase heat output is muscular action. Violent exercise will increase heat output as much as sixteen times. Shivering, which is merely a form of muscular action, will if intense, increase heat output several times; in fact, |
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